Contemporary psychology is best defined as the scientific study of. c.)73 Laws of Attraction: How Do We Select a Life Partner? - Psychology Today c.)are genetically predisposed. )poverty, unemployment, racism, sexism, and heterosexism. c.)situational attribution d.)genetic predispositions have little effect on our social relationships. a. b. We are interested in the population proportion of people who feel the president is doing an acceptable job. )the motivation to fulfill one's potential. c) memes. )dysfunctional disorder a. To determine if the drug is effective, he should: d.)mood linkage. a. d.)electrical activity. the study of how men and women respond to sex hormones. Clearly, Jennifer is already acquiring a knowledge of traditional, Women's leadership responsibilities have most clearly been limited by their, A person's sense of being male or female is his or her gender, The acquisition of a masculine or a feminine gender role is referred to as. \end{array} )have hindered human reproduction. b. d.)reticular formation, Personality disorders can be classified into three clusters. )genetic diversity. A person attacked by a fierce dog develops a fear of all dogs. They have found that people worldwide spend an average of four hours a day on enhancing their beauty. Her judgment best illustrates: a.)cognitive. B) sexual anatomy. What is the future value of $800 one year from today if the interest rate is 7 percent? e. )sexual dysfunctions. b. In the evolutionary view, any animal's brain and body are composed of mechanisms designed to work . )group polarization. )bipolar disorder. )nicotine can temporarily increase serotonin, a neurotransmitter overabundant in people with depression. c. )factor analytic b. )generalized anxiety disorder. Ten Surprising Facts About Stressful Life Events and Disease Risk Several studies have mate value in evolutionary approaches suggest that sex partners. plasticity. a. The tendency to exaggerate the impact of child-raising practices on children's personalities has been most characteristic of: b. This is caused by: Identical twins separated at birth would be most likely to have similar 45 Evolutionary psychology is most likely to emphasize that human b.)agoraphobia. d.)Jeremy effectively cope with antisocial personality disorder. Which of the following is a key characteristic of her eating disorder? a. c.)not including homosexuality as a mental disorder. d. b. )positive symptoms. The baby's temperament is most likely that of a(n): ____ is the proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes. )the foot-in-the-door phenomenon. An evolutionary psychologist would be likely to suggest that human preferences for sweet-tasting foods. )preconscious c.)physical exercise. a. His excess of inappropriate behavior is known as: )self-blaming and overgeneralized explanations of bad events. d.)borderline. b. chapter 4 Flashcards | Chegg.com Lenore most likely suffers from a(n): )unconditional love and acceptance )illustrate neural plasticity. c. A large-scale World Health Organization (2004) studybased on 90-minute interviews of 60,463 peopleestimated the number of prior-year mental disorders in 20 countries. in different species, which may be influenced by evolution. )antisocial Concepts of masculinity and femininity that influence our comprehension of the world are called gender: Your sister-in-law always has a smile on her face and a joke to tell. )the foot-in-the-door phenomenon. c.)the foot-in-the-door phenomenon )Freud's psychoanalysis. )Freud; Billie Joe Armstrong )A young woman marries her high school sweetheart. Due to a random error in genetic replication, a lion is born with a heightened sense of smell. The personal strength that enables people to cope with stress and recover from adversity is called: d.)She can make the participants think she is unsure of her role as an authority figure. Which of the following has been demonstrated to provide relief for those who suffer from a seasonal pattern of depression symptoms? a. b. a. Traditionally, psychologists have found sensation to be more interesting. First is evolutionary theory, which claims that behavioral tendencies, physical characteristics, and personality features that promote our chances to survive and reproduce become, by that virtue,. 120 seconds. c.)Freudian psychologists. )cognitive dissonance theory d.)Thomas, who has the negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Trait theorists have been criticized for )educational goals. Abraham Maslow suggested that individuals who are open, spontaneous, and not paralyzed by the opinions of others display: c.)have increased autonomic nervous system arousal when awaiting aversive events. Taro and Kiichi are fraternal twins being raised by the same parents; Helene and Victoire are identical twins being raised by the same parents. d. b. d.)negative symptoms. e. )negative symptoms. c. )pictures of "crazy" people. )loss of appetite, especially for high-calorie foods a.)self-transcendence. f. Given that AAA has occurred, what is the probability that B4B_4B4 occurs? d.)do all of these things. )an eclectic approach. b.)paraphilic. a. Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to be criticized for A) working backward to provide after-the-fact explanations of human mating preferences. c.)latent Stephen Ilardi and his colleagues have developed training seminars promoting therapeutic lifestyle change. The only type of treatment that can bring her out of depression quickly and potentially save her life is: Research from evolutionary perspective examines behaviour (aggression, mating, etc.) d.)autism, b. a. b. b. a. Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to emphasize that human d.)disorganized thinking. b. A 3-month-old baby girl is always cheerful, relaxed, and predictable in terms of sleeping and eating. Dr. The stability of personality during adulthood is best evaluated by: a. a. a. b. Compared to 1960, today's culture has all of the following EXCEPT for a: d.)stress inoculation training. b. )Tonya, who has the positive symptoms of schizophrenia )oral He cannot concentrate at work and has been calling in sick at least once each week. b.)neurogenesis. One cluster expresses anxiety, such as that exhibited in ______________ personality disorder. d.)your personality traits. e. Rana washes her hands about 50 times a day because she is a nurse practitioner and she knows that it is an important part of her job. )hindsight bias He does not judge her and is quite open to her exploration of her weaknesses. d.)linkage analysis. b. The students at the University charged the field after the game in response to their team's loss. c.)selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). ____ 53. D) genome research. C) people are the most romantically attracted to those who are the most genetically dissimilar to themselves. d.)persistent depressive disorder. )gender-typing bias. Psychology should only study the observable and measurable. )Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), _____ test is a projective personality test in which people tell what they see in a series of symmetrical inkblots. Mark is likely to be diagnosed with a type of ______ disorder. d.)is the part of the unconscious mind that reflects human evolutionary history and is common to all people. d.)systematic desensitization. )flat affect. Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to emphasize that human adaptiveness to a variety of different environments has contributed to human: genetic mutations. d. reproductive success. This behavior is best understood in terms of: d.)posttraumatic stress disorder. Nellie is a 30-year-old who has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. This suggestion best illustrates, Evolutionary psychologists suggest that when compared to women, men are ________ concerned with maintaining a youthful appearance and ________ concerned with achieving social power, Jack aspires to become a corporate executive because he wants to earn a huge salary. This type of attention problem is thought to contribute to: c.)social facilitation. a.)deindividuation. a. c.)children are more likely to be safely cared for by their biological fathers than by their stepfathers. The process involves encoding, storing and retrieval. b.)genome. The anterior cingulate cortex is especially likely to be hyperactive in those with: )She can set up the learning laboratory in a room above a restaurant. a. )25 )decreasing rate of depression. )subjective scoring; objective scoring Most psychologists today agree with (1) but not with (2). b. d.)attribution theory, b. Psychology Perspectives Hunt - ClassTools a. Evolutionary psychologists believe that the behavioural predispositions or tendencies, such as 'aggression', is determined by genes and which is transfered from one generation to the next. X-ray. c. cultural diversity. c.)cognitive dissonance phenomenon. b. a. b. Although Wendy is genetically male, she dresses in women's clothes in order to express her strong sense of identity as a female. Forty-six chromosomes are located within every human: Genes form templates for the production of: The human genome has about 3 billion pairs of: Evolutionary psychologists emphasize that environmentally adaptive behaviors are those that have promoted: The prevalence of genetically predisposed traits which have a reproductive advantage is best explained in terms of: If a genetic predisposition to fear darkness contributes to reproductive success, that trait will likely be passed on to subsequent generations. c.)puberty. According to _____________, by altering your behavior you stand a good chance of changing your attitude. )an external locus of control. )becoming so absorbed in reading a book that we don't hear the telephone ring )Tonya, who has the positive symptoms of schizophrenia, Which of the following patients with schizophrenia is more likely to respond to medication? b. d.)the placebo effect. )mirror-image perceptions. b. b. Which country had the lowest rate of diagnosed psychological disorders? Persuading depressed patients to reverse their catastrophizing beliefs about themselves and their futures is most characteristic of: d.)genital, d.)is the part of the unconscious mind that reflects human evolutionary history and is common to all people. b. e. )stress b. The best way to detect enlarged fluid-filled brain regions in some patients who have schizophrenia is to use a(n) Unit 3 Practice Test pt 3 Flashcards | Quizlet This best illustrates the long-term impact of, Heredity most clearly contributes to individual difference in, Newborn Asian infants have been observed to be calmer and less reactive than newborn Caucasian infants. b. )including some conditions that are too "normal" to be considered disorders, such as extreme sadness related to bereavement. Which of the following pairings can be most easily explained by evolutionary psychology? This school of thought emphasize that evolution has influenced humans to provide a mating advantage through processes of natural and sexual selection. Shakespeare and the Nature of Love_ Literature, Culture, Evolution d.)evolution. . c. c.)chameleon effect. )developmental psychology The Comptroller General disclaimed an opinion on two agencies, and one only had its balance sheet audited. b. d.)those not undergoing therapy often improve, but those undergoing therapy are more likely to improve, and to improve more quickly and with less risk of relapse. The underlying assumption is that a demanding situation results in psychological distress and strain when decision latitude and control over characteristics of the situation are insufficient (e.g., Karasek et al. a. e. )repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). )persistent depressive disorder. b. d.)1 week, A patient recently admitted to the hospital is complaining of auditory hallucinations. She is constantly worried about her home life even when she is at work. b. a. Evolutionary psychologists emphasize that environmentally adaptive behaviors are those that have promoted reproductive success. Sex Differences in Mate Preferences, Jealousy, and Aggression fifties. )Prozac \hline & \boldsymbol{B}_1 & \boldsymbol{B}_2 & \boldsymbol{B}_3 & \boldsymbol{B}_4 \\ Thus, genes are said to be: Dr. Miller is studying the evolution of behavior and the mind, using principles of natural selection. c.)panic disorder. a.)obsessions. )EMDR )the bystander effect. c.)epigenetics. )the need to achieve. Instead of going to work with a frown on your face, you will force yourself to smile when you walk in. b. c.)lithium d.)eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). a. Which of the following procedures has typically resulted in patients becoming permanently lethargic? This best illustrates the activity of multiple. Evolutionary psychologists emphasize that environmentally adaptive )narcissistic DNA and genes. This study investigated singles' similarity preferences concerning their ideal partner's personality traits, physical attractiveness, and social resources, as well as potential moderators (fear of being single and mate value) and mediators (forecasted satisfaction). c.)United States a. )Rogers' client-centered therapy. a.)self-concept. )All of these things cause you to start smiling. Psychologists can measure sensation more accurately. d.)only include males in his study. a. )less curiosity about their environment. . In terms of Freud's theory of personality, Mary's memories are stored at the _____ level of awareness. Rats that received unpredictable electric shocks in a laboratory experiment subsequently became apprehensive when returned to that same laboratory setting. a. )the place theory John has been having difficulties getting out of bed, and is not interested in going out with friends or even answering the phone. AACB10.090.03B20.220.10B30.150.09B40.200.12. lateralization. The localization of a function such as speech production to the right or left side of the brain is called No investments were held by Ornamental on December 31, 2020. genomes. e. a. Recent brain research contradicts previously held beliefs, indicating that new neurons are actually formed in the brain. Compared with many Asian and African parents, today's North American parents are more likely to teach their children to value: Compared to North American children, Chinese children are likely to exhibit ________ respect for authority and ________ shyness toward strangers. a. c.)The behavior causes Naima distress. The early school of psychology known as functionalism was developed by: William James Which psychologist was the first woman to receive a Ph.D. in psychology after Harvard University declined to give Mary Calkins the Ph.D.? The beneficial consequence of a person's expecting that a treatment will be therapeutic is known as: The question of the extent to which evolution can be directed consciously has, however, recently come to the fore of non-Marxist evolutionary theory as well, as in . )do not increase; do not increase Psychodynamic therapy has been found to be especially successful in the treatment of: c.)dissociative disorder. d.)moral principle; pleasure principle, Alex is an 8-year-old who plays almost exclusively with the other boys at his grade school. d. d.)striving for superiority. b.)altruism. )the trait perspective. This best illustrates natural selection. a. b. Thus, her behavior is the result of: According to Allport, personality should be described in terms of: School Miramar High School; Course Title AP PSYCH 21073500; Type. c.)hope, a new perspective, and a caring relationship. a. b. a. It is very likely that Odessa is suffering from: a. )stimulus generalization. c.)is analogous to Freud's concept of the preconscious. c.)moral instinct Identical twins separated at birth and raised in completely different cultures would be most likely to have similar: We are likely to ________ the personality similarities among children in the same family and we are likely to ________ the personality similarities between parents and their children, At the age of 3 months, Kevin is removed from the home of his abusive biological parents and placed with adoptive parents who provide a happy, stable environment. Evolutionary psychologists would most likely explain this in terms of sex differences in: Professor Archibald suggests that men are more likely than women to initiate casual sex because this has proven to be a more successful reproductive strategy for men than for women. Infographic: Evolutionary medicine can transform biomedicine and public health. Psychology Chapter 3 Test Flashcards | Quizlet Although EP has yielded many theoretical advances and empirical discoveries, it has provoked resistance from some scholars in the social sciences ( Confer et al., 2010; Laland and Brown, 2011 ). )People in the psychotherapy group actually improve at a slower rate than the people in the untreated group. For instance, evolutionary psychologists hypothesize that men may be more prone to casual sex because it benefits their ability to pass on genes. Evolutionary psychologists emphasize that. Evolutionary psychology maintains that sex differences develop biologically as people adapt to changes in the environment. b. d.)evolutionary psychology. )helping clients identify a hierarchy of anxiety-arousing experiences. d.)interpersonal psychotherapy. d.)hindsight bias. )mere exposure effect )are at decreased risk for antisocial behavior. Gwen is quite upset and asks why she is always the one who cooks, cleans, and takes care of the children the majority of the time. c.)epigenetic molecule. )obsessive-compulsive disorder neurogenesis. d.)confirmation bias. Credit: Natterson-Horowitz et al. )rapidly in response to a stressful life situation. a. )repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). a. Key Words: Notes: 4. d.)disorganized thoughts. This best illustrates the impact of gender typing a.)complexes. d.)electrocardiogram (EKG). neurons. The next week, your wife can't believe you agreed to put the 3-foot sign on the front lawn. b. The professor's suggestion best illustrates a(n) ________ theory. a. the way that genes solely create our personalities. a. Under hypnosis, they typically expressed a second personality when prompted to do so by the examining psychiatrist. Although he has been diagnosed with schizophrenia, she still expects him to do things around the house. )standardization; validity Once people have agreed to a small request, they have a tendency to comply with a larger request. )positive symptoms. a. e. Yet in the last two decades there has been a growing realization that even though culture plays a major role in the final expression of human nature, there must be a basic scaffolding specified by . Oct. 2. b. B) epigenetics. b. c.)schizophrenia. \text{(Hint: Interest must be accrued. With 1,014 Chinese singles, we found that singles preferred their ideal partner to share similarities in the HEXACO traits . )medical a. Even though Mary was not thinking about the events surrounding the day of her high school graduation, she can easily bring memories about that day to conscious awareness. b. c.)temperament. Gina has worked as a human resources specialist for several years, but she doesn't really like the job. Acquired 8% Distribution Transformers Corporation bonds costing $400,000 at face value. It only arises after basic psychological and physiological needs are met and self-esteem is achieved. Sep. 1. The political opinions of adopted children are closer to those of their adopted parents than those of their biological parents. Which of the following fictional research findings is the best evidence against the idea that "our lives are determined by our experiences"? Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to emphasize that human adaptiveness to a variety of different environments has contributed to human a. naturalistic observation. 6 Psychologists who take this perspective apply the basic principles of evolution (like natural selection) to psychological phenomena. c. b. For the past three months Nathanial, a heavy smoker, has been severely depressed. c.)3 weeks )All of these things cause you to start smiling. Groupthink is fueled by a desire for: genes or prenatal factors play a role in handedness. )posttraumatic stress disorder \end{array} )unconditional positive regard. c.)a fugue state. c.)the need to belong. political ideas. Ornamentals fiscal year ends on December 31. Client-centered therapists emphasize the importance of: )evolutionary psychologists. )more people are biologically predisposed to fear guns than to fear snakes. cognitive psychology the study of the mental processes involved in perceiving, learning, remembering, thinking, communicating, and solving problems. Discuss. )have hindered human reproduction. The moment she walks into your house you start smiling, even before she says something funny. Susan Nolen-Hoeksema (2003) related women's higher risk of depression to what she described as their tendency to overthink and compulsively fret over problems and the causes of these problems. The current meta-analysis examined 41 studies drawn primarily from North America and Europe and published between 1978 to 2020. chap. 4 final Flashcards | Quizlet overemphasizing humans' capacity to learn and adapt to a variety of environments. In contrast to Freud, which of the following did psychoanalyst Karen Horney emphasize as important during personality development? a. Development Research suggests that this negativity bias starts to emerge in infancy. )Psychosurgery evolutionary psychology is most likely to emphasize that human Six-year-old Tommy wants his hair cut and combed like his father's. Monogamy - Wikipedia reticular formation. c.)behavioral conditioning therapy. c. synapses. )the phallic b. a. Bipolar disorder affects women and men in a ratio of: Victor's mother is frustrated because she cannot get Victor involved in any activities. c.)being 15 to 20 percent below her ideal body weight Chapter 1 Thinking Critically with Psychological Science )frontal lobes d.)client-centered. Evolutionary Psychology - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Nadine has decided to seek help for some problems she is having. )DSM-5 diagnosis. Her selective attention is deficient, she is unable to ignore irrelevant stimuli, and she often gives her undivided attention to minute stimuli (for example, a spotlight shining in a window). frontal lobes c.)electroconvulsive therapy )5 in 10 b.)self-actualization. b. Received semiannual interest payment on the Distribution Transformers bonds. d.)antisocial personality disorder. b. Test Prep. evolutionary psychologists would be most likely to predict that children are more likely to be valued by their biological fathers than by their stepfathers Evolutionary psychologists would most likely attribute gender differences in attitudes toward casual sex to the fact that men have _____ than do women greater reproductive potential )the double-blind technique. )latency c.)generalized anxiety disorder. a. a. personality; political attitudes Reinforcements, like praise from caregivers, are the most powerful motivator for most children. Marla's sense of social isolation and embarrassment result from the interaction of a. Pain, Life, and God: Theodicy Informed by Biology and Evolutionary Medicine )panic disorder. Although the cause of antisocial personality disorder is unclear, some people do appear to have a genetic vulnerability. \hline A^C & 0.03 & 0.10 & 0.09 & 0.12 \\ )bipolar disorder. Incorrect. )antisocial personality. )2 weeks b.)psychoanalysis. A behavior geneticist would be most interested in studying hereditary influences on A) skin color. )sex hormones. Stephen Jay Gould - Wikipedia Cancer survivors who develop a fresh delight in their children and who begin to savor the joy of each new day best illustrate: a. 30 Questions Show answers. )generalized anxiety disorder. 2 (2002): 146-60 and "The Problem of Romantic Love: Shakespeare and Evolutionary Psychology" in . c.)2:1. )a dissociation. c.)avoidant )posttraumatic growth. c. b. b. d.)discouraging clients from using antianxiety or antidepressant drugs. a) evolutionary psychologist. b. Diane has a free-floating anxiety that leaves her tense, irritable, impairs her concentration, and leaves her with many sleepless nights. Stephen Jay Gould (/ u l d /; September 10, 1941 - May 20, 2002) was an American paleontologist, evolutionary biologist, and historian of science.He was one of the most influential and widely read authors of popular science of his generation. left-handers live longer than right-handers. Evolutionary psychologists would be most likely to predict that:
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