Discover today's celebrity birthdays and explore famous people who share your birthday. Apollo 9 tested out the lunar module and command module together in Earth orbit for the first time, and then the two spacecraft were tested again in lunar orbit for Apollo 10. Credit: Deansfa Marriage and family of Margaret Hamilton Four years later, she obtained the Bachelor of Arts in Mathematics at Earlham College, Richmond, Indiana (USA). Hamilton was a regular parishioner of the Presbyterian church. Check out Margaret Hamilton's Bio Now A few years later, they were reunited on Broadway for the short-lived musical Come Summer. In 2009, Margaret Hamilton and fellow MIT software engineers described what is was like to contribute to the Apollo missions 40 years after the famous Apollo 11 landing in the Moon's Sea of Tranquility in July 1969. Later in life, she would comment on the role of the witch in a light-hearted fashion. 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In The Paul Lynde Halloween Special (1976), she portrayed Lynde's housekeeper, reprising the Wicked Witch role, as well as introducing Lynde to the rock group Kiss. Hamilton has a diverse background, including an undergraduate degree in mathematics from Earlham College in Indiana, and postgraduate work in meteorology at MIT. Margaret Hamilton was born December 9, 1902 in Cleveland, Ohio, to Jennie (Adams) and Walter Hamilton. Margaret Hamilton - Biography - IMDb It even printed out its answers in Latin and Greek. She is from USA. [36], When Hamilton started using the term "software engineering" during the early Apollo missions,[57] software development was not taken seriously compared to other engineering,[58] nor was it regarded as a science. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Both those elements were crucial during the Apollo 11 mission (1969), which took astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin to the Moon. In the episode, entitled "Triptych for a Witch," Hamilton played the title role. When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. She cofounded the company Higher Order Software in 1976 and established Hamilton Technologies 10 years later. Margaret Hamiltons income source is mostly from being a successful Actress. Devising, writing, testing, and testing these routines was quite commendable. Margaret Elaine Hamilton (born Heafield on August 17, 1936) is an American computer scientist, systems engineer, and business owner. The crowning mission, Apollo 11 in July 1969, saw Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin descend all the way to the surface in the lunar module, safely return to the command module (piloted by Mike Collins) and make it home to Earth. ..and your little dog, too!" The woman behind of cinema's most iconic villains, Cleveland-born Margaret . Dedication and commitment were a given. It is ironic that her performance as the Wicked Witch of the West in The Wizard of Oz (1939) was so scary to children, because her first job was as a kindergarten teacher. in Space Studies from the University of North Dakota, a Bachelor of Journalism from Canada's Carleton University and (soon) a Bachelor of History from Athabasca University. five.[28]. Margaret Hamilton | Computer Scientist - NASA Solar System Exploration [10] She says her poet father and headmaster grandfather inspired her to include a minor in philosophy in her studies. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Margaret Hamilton, Software Engineer Who Landed NASA's - Medium In the early 1960s Hamilton joined MITs Lincoln Laboratory, where she was involved in the Semi-Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) project, the first U.S. air defense system. Margaret Hamilton was born December 9, 1902 in Cleveland, Ohio, to Jennie (Adams) and Walter Hamilton. Hamilton herself specifically concentrated on software to detect system errors and to recover information in a computer crash. For her work during this period, Hamilton has been credited with popularizing the concept of software engineering. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Margaret-Hamilton-American-computer-scientist, Space.com - Margaret H. Hamilton: Apollo Computer Programmer, Wired - Her Code Got Humans on the Moon - And Invented Software Itself, Margaret Hamilton - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Margaret Hamilton - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Required fields are marked *. [2] Before she turned to acting exclusively, her parents insisted she attend Wheelock College in Boston, which she did, later becoming a kindergarten teacher. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Margaret Hamilton - Trakt Paul Boynton Meserve (13 June1931 - 20 May1938)( divorced)( 1 child). She also gained recognition for her work as an advocate of causes designed to benefit children and animals and retained a lifelong commitment to public education. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). In March 1986, she founded Hamilton Technologies, Inc. in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Hamilton's line from The Wizard of Oz "I'll get you, my pretty, and your little dog, too!" Half a century ago, MIT played a critical role in the development of the flight software for NASAs Apollo program, which landed humans on the Moon for the first time in 1969. It is possible to find relevant details of the biography of this extraordinary pioneer on many websites. [4][5] The family later moved to Michigan,[6] where Margaret graduated from Hancock High School in 1954. Hamilton, M.; Hackler, W. R. (2004). The company was developed around the Universal Language of Software Design Systems. On December 23, 1938, Hamilton suffered a second-degree burn on her face and a third-degree burn on her hand during a second take of her fiery exit from Munchkinland in which the trap door's drop was delayed to eliminate the brief glimpse of it seen in the final edit. [63] Hamilton's innovations go beyond the feats of playing an important role in getting humans to the Moon. skywriting sequence at the Emerald City. ", is co-written with astronaut Dave Williams. We have a full Biography, Photos, Theatre Credits, and more! "From my own perspective, the software experience itself (designing it, developing it, evolving it, watching it perform and learning from it for future systems) was at least as exciting as the events surrounding the mission," she said. Hamilton left MIT in the mid-1970s to work in the private sector. Even with her extensive film career, Hamilton took roles in whatever medium she could get if she was free, making her soap opera debut as the nasty Mrs. Sayre on Valiant Lady, who schemed to prevent her daughter from marrying the heroine's son. At MIT, Margaret Hamilton was on the staff of the Draper Laboratory, founded in 1932 by Dr. Charles Stark Draper. Hamilton never remarried. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. [3] She also wrote software for a satellite tracking project at the Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories. ", Hamilton later left MIT to start her own software company, but her name is still most recognized for her lunar landing accomplishments. A Slight Case of Murder. She was director of the Software Engineering Division of the MIT Instrumentation Laboratory, which developed on-board flight software for NASA's Apollo program. As she grew, she quickly developed a passion for mathematics and decided to work in this domain. Hamilton spent six weeks recovering from the incident and refused to do any more fire-related stunts on the film set. Everything was done based on codes, so that they did not occupy too much space in the small memories of the computers, which were NOT made of silicon, but were housed in iron cores. Her most visible appearances during this period were as general store owner, Cora, in a national series of television commercials for Maxwell House coffee. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1998. [20] Hamilton's team was responsible for developing in-flight software,[21] which included algorithms designed by various senior scientists for the Apollo command module, Apollo lunar module, and the subsequent Skylab. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Margaret Hamilton Computer Scientist MIT Computer scientist Margaret Hamilton poses with the Apollo guidance software she and her team developed at MIT. Hat, Coat and Glove. Because software was a mystery, a black box, upper management gave us total freedom and trust. The award included $37,200, the largest amount awarded to any individual in NASA's history. [16] She moved on to another project in the summer of 1961, and hired and trained Ellen Fetter as her replacement.[12]. Related: Apollo Coder and 'Apollo 13' Actor Receive Presidential Medals of Freedom, SpaceX scrubs Crew-6 astronaut launch due to ignition-fluid issue, Experience SpaceX's Crew-6 astronaut mission with these amazing photos, DNA from 4 American presidents will launch to deep space, Asteroid Ryugu is rich in organic molecules that can be building blocks of life, On This Day In Space: Feb. 26, 1966: 1st launch of Saturn 1B rocket, Your monthly guide to stargazing & space science, Subscribe today and save an extra 5% with code 'LOVE5', Issues delivered straight to your door or device. [48] Others have used HOS to formalize the semantics of linguistic quantifiers,[49] and to formalize the design of reliable real-time embedded systems. [25], Her areas of expertise include: systems design and software development, enterprise and process modeling, development paradigm, formal systems modeling languages, system-oriented objects for systems modeling and development, automated life-cycle environments, methods for maximizing software reliability and reuse, domain analysis, correctness by built-in language properties, open-architecture techniques for robust systems, full life-cycle automation, quality assurance, seamless integration, error detection and recovery techniques, human-machine interface systems, operating systems, end-to-end testing techniques, and life-cycle management techniques. For her last stage role, she was cast as Madame Armfeldt in the Stephen Sondheim musical A Little Night Music, singing the song "Liaisons" for the national tour costarring with Jean Simmons as her daughter Desiree. A complete set of recovery programs was incorporated into the software. Three minutes before the lunar lander reached the Moon's surface, several computer alarms were triggered. Margaret Hamilton (actress) - Wikipedia The pipe exploded on the third take of the scene. Margaret Hamilton Biography Margaret Hamilton was born in Cleveland, Ohio on December 9, 1902, the youngest of four children and obtained her teaching certificate in 1923 from the Wheelock . [14] On October 30, 1975, she guest-starred on the radio revival series CBS Radio Mystery Theater. Margaret Hamilton, ne Margaret Heafield, (born August 17, 1936, Paoli, Indiana, U.S.), American computer scientist who was one of the first computer software programmers; she created the term software engineer to describe her work. Guest in the House. Margaret Dawn Hamilton AM (23 June 1941 - 24 November 2022) [1] was an Australian children's literature publisher who served as the National President of the Children's Book Council of Australia from 1991 to 1992 and as a National Board Member until April 2017 when she formally retired. She later attended Hathaway Brown School in Shaker Heights, Ohio, and practiced acting doing children's theater while a Junior League of Cleveland member. By continuing to use the site, you agree to the use of cookies. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". For other people named Margaret Hamilton, see. We had to find a way and we did. Margaret Hamilton (publisher) - Wikipedia In 2003, she was given the NASA Exceptional Space Act Award for scientific and technical contributions. UConnToday, 23 April 2013. According to Hamilton, this now-iconic image (at left, above) was taken at MIT in 1969 by a staff photographer for the Instrumentation Laboratory later named the Draper Laboratory and today an independent organization for use in promotion of the labs work on the Apollo project. Corrections? Margaret Hamilton (* 17. srpna 1936 Paoli) je americk softwarov inenrka a podnikatelka. She also wrote a program for the Cambridge Air Force Research Laboratory. She grew up during a time when very few women studied computer science, but Hamilton knew she wanted to write code. A kindergarten teacher in her native Cleveland, Margaret Hamilton began her acting career there in community theatre and with the prestigious Cleveland Playhouse. Margaret Hamilton was born Margaret Heafield on August 17, 1936 in Paoli, Indiana. !' ], She married Paul Boynton Meserve on June 13, 1931, and made her debut on the New York City stage the following year. A brief history of the famous 1969 photo of the software that sent humans to the Moon. She was 82 years old. It does not store any personal data. She subsequently developed Alzheimer's disease and died in her sleep following a heart attack on May 16, 1985 in Salisbury, Connecticut at the age of 82. She appeared, uncredited, in Joseph L. Mankiewicz's People Will Talk (1951) as Sarah Pickett. Margaret Hamilton Career Profession: Computer Scientist, Systems Engineer and Business Owner Known For: Director of the "Software Engineering Division" of the "MIT Instrumentation Laboratory", which developed "On-board Flight Software for NASA's Apollo Space Program Debut: Film debut: These Three (1936) Movie poster Net Worth: $12 Million Approx Starred in the live on-stage musical "A Little Night Music" (with actress Jean Simmons in the lead role) during the mid-1970s in San Francisco. CAPE ISLAND Tour boat operators sometimes entertained their passengers by referring to Cape Island as "Witch's Island." That's because the primary resident there, during summers from 1961 to 1985, was Margaret Hamilton, the actor who played the Wicked Witch of the West and Elmira Gulch in the 1939 film The Wizard of Oz.. Elizabeth's reporting includes multiple exclusives with the White House and Office of the Vice-President of the United States, an exclusive conversation with aspiring space tourist (and NSYNC bassist) Lance Bass, speaking several times with the International Space Station, witnessing five human spaceflight launches on two continents, working inside a spacesuit, and participating in a simulated Mars mission. They're clapping at hearing the sound again.[11]. Barack Obama presented her with the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2016. They have a daughter named Lauren. Hamilton had thought long and hard about this. A century earlier, she had a worthy British predecessor named Ada Lovelace. Margaret Hamilton - Biography, Height & Life Story - Super Stars Bio President Barack Obama presents Apollo code developer Margaret Hamilton (at left) and "Apollo 13" actor Tom Hanks (right) with the Presidential Medal of Freedom on Nov. 22, 2016. The contract was awarded just weeks before then-President John F. Kennedy announced that he planned to have humans on the moon by the end of the decade. Credit: Courtesy MIT Museum Margaret Hamilton's Apollo Code A brief history of the famous 1969 photo of the software that sent humans to the Moon. She received the Presidential Medal of Freedom, presented on November 22, 2016 by the President of the United States, for her brilliant work during the Apollo missions in the 1960s. We had to find a way and we did. [12] She developed software for predicting weather, programming on the LGP-30 and the PDP-1 computers at Marvin Minsky's Project MAC. (Apollo 13 aborted before landing due to an explosion in the command module's service area.). "[13] She appeared as herself in three episodes of Mister Rogers' Neighborhood, between 1975 and 1976, because Fred Rogers wanted his viewers to recognize the Wicked Witch was just a character and not something to be afraid of. [11], In Boston, Hamilton initially intended to enroll in graduate study in abstract mathematics at Brandeis University. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. (196566; Hamilton had been offered the role of Grandmama, but turned it down. "[64][65], In 2019, to celebrate 50 years to the Apollo landing, Google decided to make a tribute to Hamilton. "The award included the largest financial award that NASA had ever presented to any individual up to that point. "Margaret Hamilton, 82, Dies; Played Wicked Witch In 'Oz', "Ah, The Songs of Long Ago! Looking back, we were the luckiest people in the world; there was no choice but to be pioneers.. [20][41] They created a product called USE.IT, based on the HOS methodology they developed at MIT. She had three grandchildren, Christopher, Scott, and Margaret. We have estimated Biography. Hamilton, now an independent computer scientist, described for MIT News in 2009 her contributions to the Apollo software which last month was added in its entirety to the code-sharing site GitHub: From my own perspective, the software experience itself (designing it, developing it, evolving it, watching it perform and learning from it for future systems) was at least as exciting as the events surrounding the mission. Her crisp voice with rapid but clear enunciation was another trademark. Margaret Heafield Hamilton (born Heafield on August 17, 1936) is an American computer scientist, systems engineer, and business owner.She is credited with coining the term, "software engineering".Hamilton was Director of the Software Engineering Division of the MIT Instrumentation Laboratory, which developed on-board flight software for the Apollo space program. Hamilton led the software engineering division at Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Instrumentation Laboratory. MIT's instrumentation lab received the contract for the Apollo guidance and control systems on Aug. 9, 1961, when the United States had accomplished only two spaceflights both with just one crewmember on board, and both in suborbital space. But a software incident almost derailed the landing, as Hamilton recalled in a 2009 interview with MIT. 1. Pres. Margaret Hamilton is an American software engineer and computer scientist best known for leading the team responsible for creating the software for the Apollo moon missions and Skylab space station. That has been my favorite book since I was four.' She is one of the people credited with coining the term "software engineering". They were married on June 15, 1958, the summer after she graduated from Earlham. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. Even adolescents. They liked to kid me about my radical ideas. Dishonored Lady. Hamilton has published more than 130 papers, proceedings, and reports, about sixty projects, and six major programs. [Related: Apollo Coder and 'Apollo 13' Actor Receive Presidential Medals of Freedom]. Mention the name Margaret Hamilton to a Millennial, and chances are they won't be able to pick her out of a line-up. [17], It was her efforts on this project that made her a candidate for the position at NASA as the lead developer for Apollo flight software. Margaret Hamilton (software engineer) - Wikipedia Profiled in "American Classic Screen Interviews" (Scarecrow Press). [42][43][44] It was successfully used in numerous government programs[45][46] including a project to formalize and implement C-IDEF, an automated version of IDEF, a modeling language developed by the U.S. Air Force in the Integrated Computer-Aided Manufacturing (ICAM) project. Byla editelkou oddlen softwarovho inenrstv v MIT Instrumentation Laboratory, kter vyvjela letov software pro Program Apollo.V roce 1986 zaloila spolenost Hamilton Technologies, kter sdl ve mst Cambridge ve stt Massachusetts. She soon transferred, however, to Earlham College in Indiana where she graduated with a bachelor's degree in mathematics, with a minor in philosophy. Margaret Hamilton (educator) (1871-1969), American educator Margaret Hamilton (actress) (1902-1985), American film character actress Margaret Hamilton (software engineer) (born 1936), American software engineer Margaret Hamilton (publisher) (1941-2022), Australian publisher of children's literature Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. [1] Her remains were cremated at Poughkeepsie Rural Cemetery, and her ashes were scattered in Amenia, New York.[20]. [50], Hamilton was the CEO of HOS through 1984[20] and left the company in 1985. In recent years, a striking photo of Hamilton and her teams Apollo code has made the rounds on social media and in articles detailing her key contributions to Apollo 11's success. On weekends, she took her daughter Lauren to the lab to spend time with her, while she worked writing the computer routines that would go on the Apollo command module computer.
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